Texte complet du chapitre (extrait du PDF original)
Texte verbatim extrait du PDF original du chapitre (1940–). Le catalogue d'origine est en anglais ; les tableaux de spécifications peuvent s'afficher imparfaitement — le PDF reste la source autoritative.
A BRIEF HISTORY AND |
DEVELOPMENT OF THE
MARINE ANCHOR
Mariners take it for granted. Landlubbers seldom give it athought. And yet the
Anchor has become a symbol of the very sea itself. On this one page, we hope
to give you a brief history of its development.
Primitive & Ancient
When man first invented the boat and took to the water, he soon discovered
that tides, currents and winds often took him where he didn't want to go. And
this was particularly irritating when he wanted to stay right where he was. So
he invented the anchor. The first anchor (and it seemed like a good idea at the
time) was simply a heavy stone tied to a crude rope. Several lost boats later,
grooves were cut into the stone to stop the rope from slipping off.
But weight alone was not enough to hold a boat in one place for long. An
efficient anchor needed some kind of hooking device. So the early boatmen
added wooden crosses or iron hooks to their stones to increase the holding
power. These "killicks" are still used by primitive peoples around the world.
The Chinese developed true hooking anchors 4000 years ago - and they're still
standard equipment on Chinese junks! Double-armed anchors with opposing
stocks were known to the ancient Greeks in the 8th century B.C., and a
Sardinian Scarab dated 650 B.C. shows a stockless double-armed anchor,
thought to be the first anchor made of iron. Three or four hundred years later,
vessels of the Athenian Navy were carrying iron anchors weighing nearly 500
pounds. And at about this time came the first rudimentary palms. Ships could
now drop anchor, and reasonably expect to stay where-they were. But there
were still plenty of improvements to be made.
British Anchors
The Britons were late starters in the anchor-making business - the earliest
known British anchor is a mere 2000 years old! The first English iron anchors
are said to have been forged in East Anglia in 578 A.D. They had very small
paims, and were designed to be used with a wooden stock. The Bayeux
Tapestry shows what could be the first imported anchor being carried ashore
by the invading Normans. By this time anchor making was a growing trade,
and anchor-smiths even had their own Patron Saint. Known as St. Clements
4th Pope said to have been thrown into the sea tied to an anchor. This was a
then known form of execution.
In the 15th century, the Statutes of Genoa required a 1500 ton ship to carry
twelve anchors weighing well over half a ton each. And the large, traditional
Kedge type anchors with wooden stocks were seen on the ships of the great
navigators of the day. Kedges were effective, but extremely heavy. And the
development of iron stocks in the late 18th century didn't do much to solve the
weight problem. But over the years gradual improvements took place. Better
welding. Shorter shanks. Increased arm curvature. And by 1846 the Royal
Navy had adopted the modified `Admiralty' iron-stocked kedge. Meanwhile,
however, work had been going on in other directions. Notably the
development of a tumbling fluke anchor introduced in 1818 by one Lieutenant
Belcher R.N. Cant-palms had been added to Belcher's design by aman named
Trotman, and in 1852 a British Commission declared that the Trotman anchor
was the best anchor of all. But its success was short-lived - due largely to the
deveicpment of the Hawkins patent tumbling fluke stockless anchor. The
great advantageo7 in� stockless anchor is the ease of stowage in a hawse pipe;
a and today stockless anchors are practically the only type used on larger ships. J
`ALL TYPES
FOR ALL TYPES
1 ORDINARY PATTERN ANCHOR This
traditional design, known variously as the
"Admiralty", "Kedge"' or "Common" anchor,
became established with the Royal Navy in its
present form around the middle of the last
century. And it's still in use -- mostly on small
fishing vessels -- to this day.
The anchor is manufactured in weights from 1
cwt. to 40 cwt. (50 to 2000 kilos).
2 SINGLE ARM MOORING ANCHOR Used
principally as a permanent mooring anchor, its
single arm feature prevents fouling of other
vessels at low tide. The crown shackle is fitted
to facilitate removal and for fixing of a marker
buoy line.
Manufactured in weights from 56 lbs. to 30
cwts. (25 to 1500 kilos).
3 PLOUGH ANCHOR Developed
before the last war and recently re-designed,
this anchor is popular with small boat owners.
It's an efficient anchor, but doesn't equal the
performance of the Meon anchor of comparable
weight.
The plough is made in weights from 5
lbs. to 280 lbs. (2 to 128 kilos.)
4 MUSHROOM ANCHOR First introduced
more than a century ago, the Mushroom is used
mainly for lightships and other permanent
moorings, or when the bottom is soft and
muddy.
The Mushroom is manufactured in weights
from 1/2 lbs. to 20 cwt. (% to 1,000 kilos).
SMALL MUSHROOM ANCHORS The Small
Mushroom is a really new idea. It's nylon
coated, with no sharp corners. So ot's just the
job for a rubber dinghy particularly in muddy
bottomed rivers and sandy shores.
Small Mushroom Anchors weigh approximately
3 lbs. (1% kilos).
ALL TYPES
FOR ALL TYPES
5 SOLID PALM YACHT ANCHOR
(FISHERMAN TYPE( The popular Fishermen
Anchor has remained virtually unchanged since
1846, and its history has been much the same
as that of the Ordinary Pattern Anchor. It's still
a favourite today, especially with fishermen
operating around rocky shores.
Manufactured in weights from 4 Ibs. to 150 Ibs.
(2 to 70 kilos).
6 COMMON ANCHOR This anchor similar to
the Ordinary Pattern Anchor, is also in general
use on small fishing vessels. Its development
following closely that of the "Admiralty" and
`"`Kedge" anchors.
Manufactured in weights from 30 lbs. to 230
Ibs. (14 to 100 kilos(.
7 ROND ANCHOR The Rond is strictly for river
or canal use. Made in weights from1 lb. to 3
Ibs. (% to 1/2 kilos) it's used by simply sticking
it into the bank.
8 FIVE PRONG GRAPNELS The Five Prong
Grapnel is really no more thana five fluke
anchor, fitted with a collar. It's manufactured in
weights from 4 Ibs. to 112 Ibs. (2 to 50 kilos)
but larger sizes can be specially made to order.
The Grapnel is ideal for use on rocky shores
and for inshore mooring of small craft. It's used
too, as a grappling iron, and for dragging the
river clearance.
The principal market for Grapnels is South
America, where they are used for gold
prospecting as well as for normal marine
applications.
9 A.M. 12 ANCHORAsingle Fluke Anchor
developed by the Armiralty for permanent Navy
moorings.
10 A.C. 14 ANCHOR This is the Admiralty
High Holding Power Anchor, designed by them
for Navy use. Better suited to recessed type
stowage now considered necessary in a
warship. Although principally used by the
Royal Navy it is available commercially, where
the Classification Societies apply the 25%
weight concession rule.
"BYERS"
LATEST IMPROVED PATENT
STOCKLESS ANCHOR
H=
Section "AA 4ot----
Front View Side View
Weight of A B C D Weight of A B C D _/
Anchor Anchor
Cuts. Cuts.
43 64 163 19} 41 654 144 41 49 98
5} 64 17 193 42 694 144 42 50 99
64 7 17 193 43 734 154 43 51 102
7k 7 18 234 45 773 154 43 51 103
8k 8} 21 243 46 813 16 43 51 105
9 84 21 25} 48 86 16 45 53 | 106
8} 223 26 49 904 16 46 54 109
134 84 224 26 52 944 17 46 54 113
18 9 24 284 56 99 17 46 57 114
224 9} 25} 294 62 1034 17} 46 58 120
244 94 253 314 64 1072 174 46 58 121
263 10 28 334 66 112 173 46 58 122
29 10 28 344 69 116} 18 46 58 122
318 104 294 354 72 1204 18 51 61 123
333 104 294 364 74 125 18 52 61 126
114 31 374 74 1293 18} 52 61 129
434 11h 31 38 76 1343 184 52 61 132
50 12 33 394 78 140 183 52 61 132
532 12 33 40} 78 145} 183 53 65. 132
= 57h 124 33 41 83 1514 183 53 65 132
\ 61} 13 35 42} 86 157k 183 56 67 132
13 36 434 87 1634 203 56 67 134
13 374 44 90 1694 203 56 67 134
134 384 464 93 1754 22 59 69 138
134 383 46} 96 1814 224 59 69 144
144 41 48 96 188 224 60 71 148
HALLS TYPE
ANCHOR WEIGHT A B c D E FE G H { J K
LBS KG 1330 950 221 52
1400 1000 234 55
1260 570 1480 1060 700 408 670 219 249 862 170 247 58
1455 660 1550 1110 740 430 710 230 262 259 61
1720 780 1620 1160 870 456 750 244 278 910 179 272 64
1985 900 1680 1200 820 477 780 -- 255 291 960 189 281 66
2250 1020 1750 1260 860 500 820 267 304 1009 199 293 69
2515 1140 1820 1300 890 520 850 276 315
2845 1290 1880 1340 920 540 880 288 328 1057 208 306 72,
3175 1440 1930 1380 960 1094 215 315 74
3505 1590 2000 1430 990 560 920 299 340 323 76
3835 1740 2060 1470 1020 580 950 308. 351 1132 224 336 7
4230 1920 1060 600 980 318 362 344 81
4630 2100 2110 1510 1090 620 1010 329 375 1181 234
640 1040 338 385 1218 240 353 83
5025 2280 2170 1550 1120 1255 247
650 1070 347 396 361 85
5425 2460 2230 1590 1150 1303 257
2280 1630 670 1100 357 306 370 87
5820 2640 1180 1340 263 383 90
6285 2850 2340 1670 1210 690 1120 366 417
700 1150 375 427 1377 270 391 92
6745 3060 2390 1710 1240
720 1180 384 438 1414 277 400 94
7275 3300 2450 1750 1270
2510 1790 740 1210 393 448 1450 284 408 96
7805 3540 2650 1830 1290 1487 292 417 98
8335 3780 1320 750 1240 402 458 429 101
8930 4050 2620 1870 1350 770 1260 412 469 1524 299
2670 1910 790 1290 420 480 438 103
9525 4320 1380 1561 306 446 105
10120 4590 2730 1950 1410 800 1320 430 490
2800 2000 820 1350 440 500 1588 313 455 107
10780 4890 1440 1624 320 467 110
11575 5250 2860 2040 1480 840 1380 448 510
2930 2090 860 1410 460 520 1661 328 476 112
12370 5610 3000 2140 1510 489 120
13230 6000 3070 2190 1540 880 1440 470 530 1698 335 502 118
14220 6450 3140 2240 1580 900 1480 480 550 1735 342
15210 6900 . 3190 2280 1620 920 1510 492 560 510 120
3260 2330 1772 349 522 123
16205 7350 1650 940 1550 500 570 1820 358 530 125
17195 7800 3311 2365 1680 540 128
18300 8300 1720 960 1580 520 590 1857 365
3330 2380 980 1610 530 600 1895 384 553 130
19180 8700 3390 2420 1745 1000 1560 540 610 1944 384
3390 2420 560 131
19400 8800 3460 2470 1760 1017 1580 544 620 1992 390 570 133
20500 9300 3530 2520 1790 570 133
20610 9350 1790 1020 1610 550 620 2030 401 580 136
21825 9900 1820 1040 1650 560 630 2068 407 590 139
23150 10500 1860 - 1040 1670 560 630
1060 1680 570 650 2116 417
1080 1710 580 660
2147 | 493
2165 426
2201 433
2201 433
2240 442
2288 452
U.SS.ATNONACCVKHLYOERSTSYPE (D J-- "hJ,Ei
\ DBD
|| G|
ys \{|\10 ! a!h|} g|%
joe
A f
ALNBCSHOR KG WEIGHT A B Cc DB E F G H J
1111111111111211112241132563847395061782394506172389405062080050000500000000000000000000005000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 221111434312243144536546757865867984998137213068572951048653897246518281019507366261228368897428153085147596077640418758269377644 111111111111111187112120122224342252566337337373838383008939114316148515796720210337451647688129757691070153694050723507766231960313455602712450282836 / 1111111111114111589712210210122212232324234224635335369568347411019729345266872959599211283105104394471823720343454949610463040029829785618808980020 1111111114115617781189919110210210021212122112242236460441560367738900055150212933745175034199269434934320307193671094426120392966485299476974 111111111415616118781891991110212002201221122411225339405546817478809013261803351337493895954003220258199873415279614429458478062475314023006 2333444455515151511651661166141677048781839698020350618121109313425137074894228482932406287123589861374956665079660208134055 1111141316516171787188119891919112210022000919262134605417636679148689820900124159307273938260590794620016622246281008290536869798475960 2233434444455151511�511516156267177570876894299792030001145609128221419012951169135491727246692115687910084578635384213273 11111111111111111121697282120321222232233344353635357661807193288844563170388959412392513582521003423144280706 22133333444444151155515555164698673178768899297969491000100223753038705825891477 1111111111111111112126282202021323333345636533637873388990917246097989039102375045516377989740776520063589659929
BALDT TYPE
STOGKLESS ANCHOR
DIMENSIONS (mm)
ANCHOR WEIGHT A B c D E F G H \ 5
LBs KG | 1300 677 983 1076 . 230 321 67 220
1327 691 1004 1098 235 328 68 225
4000 1815 | 1660 1352 704 1022 1119 373 239 334 69 229
4250 1928 | 1694 1377 717 1042 1140 381 244 340 1 233
4500 2040 | 1726 1400 729 1059 1159 388 248 346 �|. �72 237
4750 2155 || 1758 1423 742 1077 1178 395 252 352 73 241
5000 2268 || 1788 1445 753 1093 1196 402 256 357 74 245
5250 2380 | 1818 1457 765 1110 1214 409 260 363 75 248
5500 2495 || 1845 1488 775 1125 1231 415 263 368 76 252
5750 2608 || 1874 421
6000 2722 || 1900 1513 788 1144 1252 427
6300 2858 || 1932 1528 976 1156 1265 435 286 374 78 256
1548 806 1170 1281 270 378 78 259
6500 2948 || 1958 1567 816 1185 1297 439 274 383 79 262
6790 3062 || 1976 1585 826 1199 1312 445 277 387 80 265
7000 3175 || 2000 1610 839 1218 1333 450 280 392 81 258
7250 3288 || 2024 1645 857 1244 1361 455 285 398 83 273
7600 3443 || 2056 1768 874 1269 1384 462 291 407 84 278
8100 3674 || 2100 1704 888 1289 1410 472 297 415 86 284
8600 3900 || 2142 1735 904 1312 1436 482 301 421 87 288
9000 4082 || 2175 1764 919 1335 1460 489 307 429 89 294
9500 4309 || 2215 1821 949 1378 1508 498 312 436 91 299
10000 4536 | 2253 407 322 450 93 308
11000 4990 || 2326 1875 977 1418 1552 523 332 463 96 317
1926 1003 1457 1594 341 476 99 326
12000 5443 || 2394 1950 1016 1475 1614 538 345 482 100 330
13000 5897 || 2459 1974 1028 1493 1634 553 349 488 101 334
13500 6124 || 2490 2023 1054 +530 1675 550 358 500 104 342
14000 6350 || 2520 567
15000 6804 || 2583 2064 1075 1561 1708 581
2106 1097 1593 1743
16000 7257 2635 2146 1118 1623 1776 593 365 510 106 349
2189 1139 1653 1809
17000 7711 2689 2218 1155 1677 1835 504 373 521 108 356
18000 8165 2740 2295 1196 1736 1899 380 530 110 363
2362 1231 1787 1955 628
19000 8618 2790 2426 1264 1835 2008 637 387 540 112 370
20000 9072 2832 2487 1296 1881 2058 659 392 548 114 375
9980 || 2930 678 406 567 118 388
22000 10886 || 3016 2545 1326 1295 1205 697 418 584 121 400
24000 11794 | 3098 2679 1396 2026 2217 429 600 124 41
26000 2800 1459 2119 2318 714
28000 12700 1375 731 440 615 128 421
13608 | 3249 769 450 629 130 430
30000 15876 || 3420 804 474 662 137 453
35000 18144 | 3576 495 692 144 474
40000
LIGHT WEIGHT _ ao
TYPE ANCHOR
of ffJ
+
A Ly
Fi
E ttt
B
DIMENSIONS (mm)
ANCHOR WEIGHT A 8 c D E F G H \ J
LBS KG 1218 787 438 505
500 227 1285 1394 901 502 578 687 206 "4135 34 104
750 340 1471 1535 992 552 636 786 235 154 38 119
1000 454 1619 1757 1135 632 728 866 259 169 42 131
1500 680 1853 1933 1250 696 802 991 296 194 48 150
2000 907 2040 2083 1346 750 864 1091 326 208 53 166
1134 2197 1175 352 230 57 178
2500 2213 1432 797 918
3160 2335 | 1248 374 244 61 190
3000 2330 1506 839 966 393 257 64 199
1588 2458 1314
3500 2436 1573 877 1010
| 1374
4000 1815 2570 2533 1637 912 1053 411 269 67 208
2623 1696 945 1088 1427 427 280 70 217
4500 2041 2673 2788 1802 1003 1156 1480 443 290 72 224
5000 2268 2768 1573 471 308 77 225318
6000 2722 2941 2935 1809 1057 1217 495 324 81
1656
7000 3175 3097 3069 1983 1104 1273 518 338 85 262
3192 2063 1194 "1324 1731
8000 3629 3238 3306 2173 1190 1371 1800
9000 4082 |. 3368 3513 2270 1265 1457 1865 539 352 88 273
10000 4536 3488 3608 2332 1300 1496 1982 558 365 91 284
12000 5443 3707 2036 593 388 97 300
3629 2346 1306 1505
13000 5897 3807 2047 609 398 99 309
3698 2390 1331 1534
13228 6000 3829 2086 613 401 100 311
3784 2446 1362 1569 624 408 102 317
14000 6350 3902 2135 639 418 104 324
3867 2500 1392 1604
15000 6804 3993 2182
4022 2600 1448 1668
16000 7258 4080 4166 2692 1498 1727 2269 653 427 106 331
2350 679 444 111 344
18000 8165 4243 4300 2780 1548 1783 703 460 115 357
20000 9072 4394 4487 2900 1615 1860 2436
2531
22000 9980 4537 4768 3082 1716 1977 726 475 118 368
25000 11340 4733 5020 3244 1806 2081 2690 757 495 124 385
30000 13608 5030 5248 3392 1887 2276 2832 805 256 131 408
35000 15876 5295 5459 3528 1965 2264 2961 847 554 138 430
40000 18144 5536 3079 886 579 145 450
45000 20412 5759 5653 3654 2035 2344 921 603 150 467
3189
50000 22680 5964 6007 3883 2162 2491 954 624 156 484
6324 4088 2176 2624 3389
60000 27216 6338 6612 4273 2380 2742 3586 1014 663 165 514
70000 31752 6673 6788 4445 2475 2852 3730 1068 698 174 541
80000 36288 6976 7122 4604 2564 2954 3879 1116 730 182 566
90000 40824 7255 4018 1161 759 189 589
100000 45360 7515 1202 786 196 610
DANFORTH
TYPE ANCHOR
HLLL | IJ|
A4 q
IF
<<
oO}
-- ey
=
E
B
DIMENSIONS (mm)
ANCHOR WEIGHT A 3 C b i : G 4 ;
LBS KG 1186 331 803 523 206 215 155 42 121
500 227 || 1289 1358 599 236 247
750 340 || 1476 1494 379 919 659 260 271 177 48 138
1711 654 297 311
1000 454 || 1624 41g | 1012 195 53 153
1500 680 || 1860 1883 830 327 342
478 | 1158 223 61 175
2028 894 353 368
2000 907 || 2047 2155 526 | 1275 950 375 392 246 67 193
2500 1134 || 2205 2269 567 | 1373 1001 396 `412 264 72 208
3000 1361 || 2343 602 | 1459 281 7 221
2372 1046 413 431 296 81 232
3500 1588 | 2466 634 | 1536 309 85
2467 1088 429 448 243
4000 1814 || 2579 663 | 1606
2556 1127 444 464
4500 2041 | 2682 2716 690 | 1670 1198 472 493 322 88 253
333 91 262
5000 2268 | 2778 2859 714 | 1730 1261 497 519 354 97 278
6000 2722 | 2952 759 | 1839
2989 1318 520 543
7000 3175 | 3108 799 | 1936 373 102 293
3220 1420 560 585
8000 3629 || 3249 835 | 2024 390 107 306
3422 1509 595 622
10000 4536 || 3500 900 | 2180 420 115 330
3515 1550 611 639 446 122 351
12000 5443 | 3719 956 | 2316 458
3602 1588 626 654 470 125 360
13000 5807 || 3820 3686 982 | 2380 1625 641 670 129 369
3766 1661 655 684 481 132 378
14000 6350 | 3915 1007 | 2439 491 134 386
15000 6804 | 4006 4057 1030 | 2495 1789 705 737
16000 7258 || 4094 1053 | 2550
4188 1847 728 761
20000 9072 4410 1134 2747 529 145 416
4370 1927 760 794
22000 9979 || 4551 4644 1170 | 2835 2048 808 844 546 149 429
570 156
25000 11340 || 4750 4889 1221 | 2959 2156 850 888 448
30000 13608 | 5048 1298 | 3144 606
5111 2254 889 929 166 476
4305000000 15876 || 5314 5506 1366 | 3310 2428 957 1000
50000 5851 2580 1017 1063 638 175 501
60000 18144 | 5556 1429 | 3460 667 182
22680 || 5985 6160 1539 | 3728 2716 1071 1119 718 197 524
1635 | 3961 564
27220 || 6360 6440 2840 1120 1170 763 209 600
6698 2954 1165 1217
70000 31752 || 6695 1722 | 4170 803 220 631
6937 3059 1206 1260 840 230
80000 36288 || 7000 1800 | 4360 874 239 660
90000 40824 || 7280 1872 | 4534 686
100000 45360 || 7540 1939 | 4697 905 248 711
AC-14 TYPE
High Holding Power Stockless Bower Anchor
with Weight Reduction
-- Scientifically dimensioned.
-- Maximum surface as regards of its weight.
-- Strong.
-- Greater reliability in soft mud, sand, sand/shingle and clay bottoms.
%&
-- If fits itself properly in ships of modern design.
-- Holding pullis atleast 2% to 3times greater than other types of standard anchors
of the same weight in practically all types of sea beds.
-- Several Classification Societies allow up to 25 % weight reduction for com-
mercial ships on the normal recommended weight of a standard anchor.
DIMENSIONS (mm)
ALNaCsHOR WEKIGGHT A L c D E F .G H 1 J K
2840 1290 1556 1067 290 834 342 827 1566 470 290 259 75
858 1623 488
3170 1440 1614 1107 301 865 354 886 1678 405 301 268 7880
3500 4590 1668 1144 311 894 366 913 1729 519 311 277
944 1787 537 320 286 83
3840 1740 1719 1179 320 921 377 972 1841 553 331 295 86
4230 1920 1776 1218 331 952 390 1000 1892 568
2100 1830 1255 341 981 402 1025 1941 583 341 304 88
4630 1050 1987 597 350 313 91
5030 2280 1881 1290 350 1008 413 1077 2038 612
5420 2460 1929 1323 359 1034 424 1103 2087 627 359 321 93
1059 434 1131 2140 643 368 329 95
5820 2640 1975 1355 368 1157 2191 658 378 337 98
6280 2850 2026 1390 378 1086 445 1183 2239 673
2075 1423 387 1112 456 1210 2291 688 387 345 100
6750 3060 1327 2341 703 396 354 103
7280 3300 2127 1459 396 1141 467 1262 2389 718
1168 478 1289 2440 733 406 362 105
7800 3540 2178 1494 406 1318 2495 749 415 370 107
2226 1527 415 1193 489 1349 2554 767
8330 3780 424 1221 500 1380 2612 785 424 379 110
8930 4050 2278 1562 1414 2676 804
9520 4320 2327 1596 434 1248 511 1446 2737 822 434 387 112
1477 2795 840 443 395 115
10120 4590 2375 1629 443 1273 522 1506 2851 856 403 117
452 1300 533 1538 2911 874 452
10780 4890 2425 1663 1562 2957 888 462 412 120
5230 2480 1701 462 1330 545 1597 3028 908
11530 2539 1741 473 1361 558 1631 3087 927 473 422 123
12370 5610 1663 3148 945
13230 6000 2597 1781 484 1392 570 1694 3207 963 484 432 125
1724 3263 980 442 128
14220 6450 2660 1824 496 1426 584 1753 3318 997 495 452 131
1458 597 1781 3371 1013 507
15210 6900 2720 1866 507 1489 610 1808 3423 1028 518 462 134
7350 2778 1906 518 1519 622 1835 3473 1043
16200 7800 2834 1944 528 1860 3521 1058 528 471 137
17200 1885 3569 1072
18300 8300 2893 1984 539 1551 635 1918 3630 1090 539 431 140
1983 3753 1127 548 489 142
19180 8700 2939 2016 548 1576 645 560 500 145
9300 3005 2061 560 1611 660
20500 3068 2104 572 1645 674 572 510 148
21830 9900
23150 10500 3129 2146 583 1678 637 583 520 151
594 530 154
24470 11100 3188 2187 594 1707 700 505 540 157
25790 11700 3244 2225 605 1739 712
3299 2262 615 1768 724 615 549 159
27120 12300 625 558 162
28440 12900 3351 2299 625 1797 736
634 1824 747 634 566 164
. 29760 13500 3402 2334 463 574 167
31080 14100 3452 2368 643 1851 758
1877 769 652 582 169
32410 14700 3500 2401 652 661 590 171
15300 3547 2433 661 1902 779
33730 3608 2475 672 1934 792 672 600 174
35490 16100
39240 17800 3731 2559 695 2000 819 695 621 180
`STOKES BOWER ANCHOR
Standard stock sizes are listed, intermediate weights can be supplied by
the addition of extra metal in the crown cavity. Larger sizes available.
The standard angle of swing of 40� can be altered on request at
manufacturing stage.
Flukes manufactured of cast steel. B.S. 1456.
Forged steel shanks up to 7,000 lb.--over this weight cast steel B.S. 1456.
Finished in black rust resistant paint. .
500 lb. sizes and below can be galvanised at extra cost.
The following classification Societies have accepted the Stokes Anchor as
a high efficiency Anchor and allow 25% weight reduction below the
equipment weight--Germanischer Lloyd, Det Norske Veritas. Lloyds,
Bureau Veritas, R.I.Na.--20% weight reduction--American Bureau of .\
Shipping. Anchor Trials - Warsash, 1966
Dimensions
beSttokwesaend Setocknless anchone Pn
Anchor Weight H 1 K G F J Shackle
Ibs. kilos in. cm. fin. cm. fin. cm. fin. cm. jin. cm. | in. cm. fin. cm.
100 45 27% 70 | 23 7 2 5-0 | 163 42 | 235 59] 74 18 | & 1-6
150 68 343 88 �| 33 9 23 65 | 203 53 | 293 74] 9 23 | 3 1:9
200 91 373 96 | 33 9 23 7-0 | 223 57 | 313 81410 25 | % 2:2
250 113 403 103 4 10 3 7-7 | 243 62 345 87 | 103 27 z 2:2
300 136 423 108 | 43: 11 33 8-0 | 26 66 | 363 93/113 29 }1 2:5
400 181 474 120 | 42 12 33 9-0 | 283 72 | 40 102 | 123 32 |1 2:5
500 227 51 130 |5 13 33 96 | 30 76 | 435 110 | 133 34 [1� 2:8
600 272 54 137 |53 14 4 10:0 | 323 83 | 453 1161] 14% 36 |14 3:2
750 340 583 149 53 15 43 10-8 | 35 89 | 493 126 | 153 39 $13 3:8 ;
1,000 454 643 164 63 V7 43 12:0 | 383 98 545 138 )17 43 118- 4-2 � 5 } 1s t20 - go 3s 40 fas
1,500 680 72 183 7% 18 53 13-4 | 433 110 61 155) 19 48 112 4-8 |GOOD HOLDING GROUND -- GRAVEL, SAND AND CLAY.
2,000 907 55 12
813 207 8 20 6 15-0 | 49 124 69 176 | 213 5:2 |
2,500 1,134 58 | 23
873 223 83 22 63 160 | 525 134 745 189| 23 57 spon
3,000 1,360 933 237 | 9% 24 6$ 17:0) 56 142 | 79 201 | 243 63 | 24 5-7 Z
4,000 1,814 }|103 262 |105 26 73 19:0 | 62 158 873 222 274 69 | 23 61 "
:
5,000 2,268 |1113 283 411 28 8 20:3 | 67 170 | 943 240} 293 75 | 24% 6-1
6,000 2,722 11183 301 1118 30 83 216] 71 181 ;100$ 255) 313 79 22 63 FEET :
7,000 3,175 |125 32 9 191 1106 269] 33 --T BAD 5 � 5 120 425 130 S135OFT|40MUDJ.as |=
318 |123 23:0) 75 e4 | 24% 68 HOLDING GROUND -- VERY
8,000 3,629 |130 330 13 33 9%1 240. ] 78 198 111031 282 3434 88 |3 7:. 6 akD
9,000 4,082 135 343 [133 34 93 24:8 | 81 206 11143 291 | 353 91 {3 76
10,000 4536 |140 356 [14 36 (103 260; 84 214/120 305/373 95/3% 90 | ee:
12,000 5443 {149 378 |142 37 |102 27:3] 89 226 [126 320] 391 100 | 4} 11:5 |
14,000 6350 {156 396 {153 39 {114 286] 933 238 }132 335] 41 104 [5 `12:7 |
|
16,000 7,258 |162 412 |164 41 (112 30-0] 973 247 |138 350] 422 109/53 133
20,000 9,072 |175 445 1173 44 (122 323/105 267/148 376/46 117/58 143
24,000 10,886 1187 475 |183 47 |133 343/112 285/158 401/49 124/58 143
30,000 13,608 |204 518 {20 51 j148 37-5]122 310/173 439/532 136/62 165
40,000 18,143 |220 559 |23 58 117 433/135 343/192 488] 60 152/63 165
50,000 22,680
MOORFAST
TYPE ANCHOR
DIMENSIONS (mm)
ATNBCS HOR KG WEIGHT AU B Cc D E F G H
1161111111121122222252825928910021235446702813215167889727036287587240780104812557818478173201742171205903348 44111111111121212166527780889590013224567870319203826603161178597117562798775644679248601783871038727845 521212333633334445566777808980609863814579144726181146159539816337743997978560232869848 412112122222233334435556562668745129863594035718502346031960140455354509342992758995276
221433456750050055005000000000000000000000 121212431431211212343567915082243973105610352876152430384126542167842336913728644574841580002105296000000000000000000000000 11211222222233333444455325565609617346570942681479822046295619800101468076724121770006554631059411039652865409273258 12211222223333434455565361657377764778921496136063618637350621709283331293251110316198186581446312737641261601769592 1978132360060 33A55566677t1725927504
16112121433458970780024065005500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1411111111111788991012344566879821838379405008360
1111111112212222333333344243355768192364801326791624292647708196191947091627797110427013891818433652
4, W.J. KEATING LIMITED
Typical general arrangement
of Buoys and Chains
[ol
TRIANGULAR PLATE TRAN
TASTE ARS
G; , W.J. KEATING LIMITED
END JOINING SHACKLE
SWIVEL SHACKLE
ANCHOR SHACKLE
_SINKER
d= nommal diameter of the chain
meme
THE BRUCE ANCHOR MARK 2
ANCHOR OPERATION
The Bruce anchor self-orientates to an upright attitude because of broad single fluke giving rise to small shear moments in the sea bed
the action of the curved side extensions of the single fluke while soil when the anchor is rotating upwards during weighing. Breakout
engaging the sea bed soil. It rolls upright, irrespective of initial drop force for the Bruce anchor is generally between 20 and 50 per cent of
attitude, within two shank lengths after engaging the sea bed. This the prior holding pull compared with between 50 and 100 per cent for
rolling action cccurs at zero cable angle at the anchor shackle (long other anchors. ULTRA SHORT SCOPE CAPABILITY is obtained due
scope), or at any cable angle up to 30� (ultra short scope), to the centre of area of the fluke being located much nearer to the fore
whereupon complete burial proceeds in the usual manner. point of the fluke than is possible in other designs of anchors. The
The anchor has ABSOLUTE ROLL STABILITY, for the first time in Bruce anchor will bury into the sea bed with the cable at an angle of up
the history of anchor design, due to the presence of stabilizing forces to 30� at the anchor shackle compared with a maximum of between
10� and 15� for other anchors. HIGH ROCK HOOKING CAPA-
produced by the curved shape of the fluke while interacting with BILITY is furnished by the three points of the fluke which enable
the anchor to nip as well as the Common or Fisherman type anchor
the sea bed soil: any disturbance of the anchor from the upright on rocky beds. The advantage of NO MOVING PARTS `o clog or
jam arises from the one-piece construction of heat-treated cast stec!
attitude causes a differential imbalance of these stabilizing forces which gives the Bruce anchor strength in excess of any other patent
anchor of similar weight. Finally, EASE OF STOWAGE and handling
which acts in opposition to the disturbance. FULL VEERING arises due to the anchor being both STOCKLESS (by virtue of its
CAPABILITY through 360� is obtained as a consequence of the inherent absolute roll stability rendering a stock unnecessary) and very
absolute roll stability: the anchor banks in the sea bed without compact for a given weight and performance.
breaking out and maintains its hold while veering. HIGH HOLDING
POWER is obtained by the highly efficient fluke and shank design
which combines maximum fluke area, optimum shank to fluke
separation, minimum shank penetration resistance, and optimum
fluke angle. LOW BREAKOUT FORCE is obtaineu due to the short
NOMINAL DIMENSIONS
F F
Qo TT
` T cota A
A aT |
weight A B Cc Ddia Edia F H J R RR
mm mm mm Note: Existing bolster
kg Mm m m mm mm mm mm mm 40.~�2171
600. 113. 202 421.387 �234 + �298 ~�� 289 61 | ddoate thaedilBrucecaOnocmhmoor-
10uu �1.34 �2.40163 46 46 353 342 66. 63-201
23000000 2211....75969393 3345...50403306 2233...30308557 5340 476504368464 443913 99671202 224395182609 72 | [thelrdiaeoite.
96050000 54 7755 671426 64
11195031157 || fsdeoaentrssiivagonentntoGfo. abcGovecleoessmtsseeeitrlsnrtibchaaorelrs
6765 118924?450
�14901107
Other Sizes Geometrically to Scale
In the interest of continuous product improvement rights are reserved to change specifications and recommendations without notice.
The Bruce Anchor Mark 2
Materials, Lugs, Shackles
Anchor Material Heat-treated cast alloy steel to BS3100 BT1
Ib 1,320 2,205 4,409 6,614 14,331 19 B43
Anchor Size kg 600 1,000 2,000 3,000 6,500 9,000
100 130
Safe Working Load tons 17 25 35 50
Recommended Pin Diameter ins 1% 2 2% 2% 3% 4%
Front Bow Body Diameter mm 44 51 57 73 98 111
Shackle ins 1% 1% 2 2% 3% 4
mm 38 44 51 89 102
Minimum Breaking Load tons 102 150 210 300 500 650
35 50 50
Safe Working Load tons 9% 17 25 2% 2% 2%
Recommended Pin Diameter ins 1% 15/8 2 572 732% 723 %
Rear Bow minsm 32 441% 511%
Body Diameter 33 44 51 64 64
Shackle 11/8 210 300 300
mm 29
Minimum Breaking Load tons 57 102 150
Caiculated minimum
Anchor Ib 297,913 425,000 - 731,000 906,167 1,710,000 2,014,169
yield load of lug for 411,035 775,651 913,621
Front kg 135,415 192,779 331,579 676,707
recommended shackle 1,004,000 1,004,000
Lug Caiculated minimum Ib 183,348 300,000 500 ,000
Anchor .
yield load of lug for kg 83,340 136,079 226,799 306,952 455,411 455,411
Rear 476,000 815,000 990 000
recommended shackle Ib 177,012 229 ,000 363,000
Lug Allowable fluke loading
Anchor kg 80,460 103,874 164,656 215,912 369,682 449 061
in sand without exceeding
Shank
yield stress (500MN/m2)
Strength
in shank
CHASING:
The Bruce anchor is recognised as the ideal anchor design for chasing applications.
Its fluke to shank separation eliminates any possibility of chaser jamming while its
centre of gravity ensures an easy transfer from the semi-submersible's anchor rack
due to the natural tendency of the anchor to tip forwards during this procedure.
For the same reason, anchor lifting during retrieval is easy and the risk of the chaser
slipping off the anchor, and picking up a bight of chain or mooring cable, is
eliminated.
SMALL BOAT ANCHORS
HI-TENSILE�, STANDARDS,
and SURE-RING�
ANCHORS
Sure-Ring
Standard
Dimensions Standard and Sure-Ring Dimensions
Size designates approximate weight.
ANSCIZHEO. R ALNECNAHGOTHR STOB CK FLUc KE ANCHOR ANCAHOR STBOCK FLUcKE
LENGTH LENGTH SIZE LENGTH LENGTH LENGTH
52141%4"cm. 4126c%m". 3�01c1m. 079-2832 22-5 441.Aco"m. 3133"cm. e2y3 cm.
079-2397 5-H i23T485556121js85041903a0e717"s"""c%s,73mc""m"icc%m.z.mmc.e..mm.. 5263a924370L418y468161361841""""�Vc%s7%%0c5%m""ecc"%mc.mmmcm.....m.-- 32_2256�33_�7821-9_729608921"87414""%c54c8,5%5c�4%"m""m2e4e.m..cmmem.m.... 000000777777999999------222222444788957902597853 "*449118--36SS-SS-SRRSR 242�31738459Sl921""�%ec,%""mmc..m. 4523121A768641��%%%%""a""ceccmmm... 23311�~�2206812S�9%"%%s"Y"c.cecmmmm..,.
079-; 2404 , 079-2841 22-S 455211400037""%37c%"cmmc..m. 39a30_8l1764"""8%c�c2mcm.m.. 262527286627"14c%45cm""em.m..
*12-H
079-2422 = 007799--; 22886897 40-S
20-H = 65-S
079-2440
35-H 079-2814 85s
079-2468
079-2486 60-H
079-2413 0-H
079-2431 150H
19H
\ | )
{UTILITY ANCHORS
NORTHILL TYPE
Dimensions Part No.
ae A B cc oD E F 079-2850
6U 19%" 16%" 22" 67%" 7%" 8% 079-2878
079-2896
* 120 22" 22%" 24" 8%" 954" 13%"
20U 26%" 26%" 32%" 10' 11%4"15%" 079-3190
079-3207
30U 34%" 30%" 39%" 11%" 13%" 16%" 079-3225
50U 374" 35" 4354" 13%" 16' 19%" 979-3243
80U 46%" 39%" 50" 15%" 17%" 23%"
100U 4914" 42" 52%" 17" 18%" 24"
Te
| , a -- | A nel|
-}-- F----4 rT
a b
PLOW ANCHORS
Heavy duty Extra heavy
hinge pin Weight distribution balanced for duty shank.
for greater --~_ ie a "
strength & secure stowage in anchor roller chocks.
mobility. a
Convenient Precision controlled angle
provision
for between flukes and shank
trip line.
io for faster hooking action.
All hot-dipped galvanized
for lasting service.
Steel flukes shaped for optimum
penetration and holding power.
Size Dimensions
(Approximate
Part No. weight. Ibs.), 3 � D : :
079-3261 25 3102"44 cm. T1y9%" cm. A1l6%"cm. 3821"'4cm. 3120"% cm. 2630'%se"m.
079-3289 : 35 31341%4"cm. T1y9!% cm. 41864%,"cm. 3847%c"m. 4185"% om. 2678"%6 cm.
079-321 6 45 31644%"cm. 2150"14 cm. 25101%4"cm. 3999" cm. 4173"% cm. 27074"cm.
60 4105%c"m. 2160%%"cm. 2527,)"cm. 410l4y%"; cm. 4147%%"cm. 3706%'"s cm.
079-3234
NORWAY FOLDING ANCHOR
The new design gives a better grip in sand. Because
of a higher centre of gravity the anchor will quickly settle
in correct position, and the new shape of the flukes will
ensure a better grip. |
minimum of space to store,
SAV Folding Anchor takes a can cause damage to deck
and has no sharp edges that
and topsides.
10 SIZES Weight Dimensions in inches
A B
New design Kg. | Ibs. 61/16"
0.75 1.7 71/4"
__
3.4 11 7/8" 117/16"
1.5
129/16"
2.5 5.5 141/16"
3.2 7 1515/16" | 143/16"
4 9 1711/16" | 15 3/4"
6 13 217/16" 19 1/16"
8 18 22 7/16" 21"
10 22 2513/16" | 24"
25 1/4"
12 26 279/16"
279/16" | 2651/4"
13.5 30
~
THE AWARD WINNING BRUCE ANCHOR
ANCHOR OPERATION
The Bruce anchor selt-orientates to an upright attitude because of the LOW BREAKOUT FORCE results from the short broad single fluke giving
action of the curved side extensions of the single fluke while engaging the
sea bed soil. It rolls upright, irrespective `of initial drop attitude, within rise to small shear moments in the sea bed soil when the anchor is rotating
two shank lengths after engaging the sea bed. This rolling action occurs at upwards during weighing. Breakout force for the Bruce anchor is generally
zero cable angie at the anchor shackle (long scope), or at any cable angle
up to 30� (ultra short scope), whereupon complete burial proceeds in the 20 per cent of the prior holding pull.
ULTRA SHORT SCOPE CAPABILITY is obtained due to the centre of
usual manner. area of the fluke being located much nearer to the fore point of the fluke
The anchor has ABSOLUTE ROLL STABILITY, for the first time in the than is possible in other designs of anchor. The Bruce anchor wilt bury into
history of anchor design, due to the presence of stabilizing forces produced the sea bed with the cable at an angle of up to 39� at the anchor shackle
by the curved shape of the fluke while interacting with the sea bed soil: compared with a.maximum of between 10� and 15� for other anchors.
HIGH ROCK HOOKING CAPABILITY is furnished by the three points of
any disturbance of the anchor from the upright attitude causes a differential the fluke which enable the anchor to nip as wel! as the Common or Fisher-
imbalance of these stabilizing forces which acts in opposition to the
disturbance. FULL VEERING CAPABILITY through 360� is obtained as man type anchor on rocky beds. The advantage of NO MOVING PARTS
a consequerice of the absolute roil stability: the anchor banks in the sea
to clog or jam arises from the one-piece construction of heat-treated cast
ded witheut breaking out and maintains its hold while veering. HIGH
HOLDIN POWER is obtained by the highly efficient fluke and shank stee! which gives the Bruce anchor strength in excess of any other patent
design which combines maximum fluke area, optimum shank to fluke anchor of similar weight. Finally, EASE OF STOWAGE and handling
separation, minimum shank penetration resistance, and optimum fluke arises due to the anchor being both STOCKLESS (by virtue of its inherent
angle. absolute roll stability rendering a stock unnecessary) and very compact for
a given weight and performance.
SUGGESTED ANCHOR AND RODE SIZES
Anchor
Maximum Boat Dimensions Weight Recommended Rode Alloy Stee! Shackle
Length Beam Nylon Chain Chafing Pin Body
0.A. Sai! Power Rope Dia. Dia. Chain Length| Dia. Dia.
m_ ft m ft [m_ ft kg Ib mm ins |mm ins | m_ ft mm ins {mm_ ins
2.8 911.3 43),14 46 1 2.2 6 0.24 5 0.20| 1.5 4.9 6 0.24 5 0.20
46 1512.0 66); 2.2. 7.2 2 44 9 0.31 5 0.20] 2.0 6.6 8 0.31 6 0.24
7.0 23)}27 89)2.9 9.5 5 117 10 0.39 6 0.241 26 8.5 | 10 0.39 8 0.31
92 30} 3.2 10.5 | 3.4 112) 7.5 16.5] 12 0.47 7 0.28; 3.0 98 | 10 0.39 8 0.31
10.8 35/3.5 115 |3.9 128] 10 22); 14 0.55 8 0.31] 3.2 10.5 | 13 0.51 10 0.39
12.2 4013.8 125/42 138/15 33] 16 0.63 9 0.35] 3.7 12.1 | 13 0.51 10 0.39
14.3 47 | 42 13.8 | 4.7 15.4] 20 44] 18 0.71 | 10 0.39; 4.0 13.1 | 16 0.63 | 13 0.51
19.2 63] 5.1 16.7156 184] 30 66] 22 0.87 | 12 0.47] 4.5 14.8 | 16 0.63 | 13 0.51
28 92|61 200/)7.3 24; 50 110] 26 1.02; 16 0.63] 5.0 16.4 | 19 0.75 | 16 0.63
e ---- 6 P me
A L-- B
Manufactured of Heat-Treated Cast Steel to B.S. 3100A6
Type approved by Classification Societies as a general purpose high holding power anchor
NOMINAL DIMENSIONS
Nominal Weight A B Cc D
kg Ib mm ins mm ins mm ins mm ins
148 5.8 5.9 0.23
1 2.2 183 7.2 296 11.7 199 78 7.8 0.31
2 4.4 240 9.4 362 14.3 246 9.7 10.8 0.43
273 10.8 12 0.47
5 11 292 11.5 469 18.4 315 12.4 12 0.47
342 13.5 0.53 |
7.5 16.5 372 14.6 531 20.9 361 14.2 13.4 0.73
415 16.3 18.6 0.73
10 22 510 20.1 583 23.0 385 15.2 18.6 0.87
15 33 655 25.8 433 17.0 22
20 44 701 27.6 458 18.0
30 66 790 31.1 520 20.5
50 110 948 37.3 598 23.5